Biometrics is the emerging technology used for identification. Biometric refers to automatic identification of a person based on biological characters such as finger print, iris, facial recognition, etc. In this article finger print based attendance system is proposed. Attendance in educational institutions, industries will require more paper work and time. To reduce this, automatic attendance system using finger print was developed. We also call it as Biometric Attendance System. We have already seen how to used RFID Based Attendance System using AVR Microcontroller. Here, we are going to explain how to design the biometric attendance system circuit using AVR Microcontroller.
Biometric Attendance System Circuit Principle:
The main aim of this circuit is to take the attendance and display when requested.
Finger print identification is based on the fact that no two persons will have the same finger print in this world. This is because of the peculiar genetic code of DNA in each person. Finger print module differentiates between two fingers based on the ridges and valleys on finger print. When the finger print is given it stores the points where there are changes in the direction of ridges and valleys using some algorithms. Inside the finger print module a DSP processor is present to implement and analyze the algorithm.
Main heart of the circuit is finger print module. This sends commands to the controller when ever finger print is matched. Microcontroller receives these commands from the finger print module and uses the internal EEPROM to store the attendance. Keypad is used to send the requests to the controller either enroll the new one or to save the attendance or to exit.LCD display displays the messages related to the commands received.
Biometric Attendance System Circuit Design:
Here, we used an ATmega8 microcontroller which is an AVR family microcontroller. It is 8 bit microcontroller and has 23 programmable input and output pins. It has 8 KB of flash memory, 512 bytes of EEPROM, 1KB of SRAM.
Biometric module used here is R305 series finger print module. It supports USART communication protocol. Here, USART protocol is used for communicating with the micro controller. USART is universal synchronous and asynchronous receiver and transmitter. This module has four pins out 1) Transmit, 2) Receive, 3) Vin, 4) GND. Transmit pin is connected to the receive pin of the microcontroller. Receive pin should be connected to the transmit pin of the microcontroller. Vin is applied with a voltage of 5V and GND is connected to ground. Data can be transmitted or received using serial communication.
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