SPI serial peripheral interface

SPI (serial peripheral interface) using AVR microcontroller (ATmega16)

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There are different protocols for serial communication between two deceives like, USART, SPI, I2C etc. Before selecting any communication protocol, data transfer rate is an important parameter. SPI transfers data at high speed data. AVR microcontroller contains on chip SPI interface. This article will explore the hardware configuration and programming of SPI. Serial Peripheral Interface is a synchronous, full-duplex protocol. […]

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JTAG

How to disable JTAG of AVR microcontroller using Atmega

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JTAG stands for “Joint Test Action Group” which was standardized as the IEEE 1149.1 Standard Test Access Port and Boundary-Scan Architecture in 1990. JTAG is generally used in IC debugging and device programming. Atmega16 consists of one JTAG port which shares four pins with PORTC. Until JTAG port is not disabled, these pins can’t be used as normal I/O pins.

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inbuilt analog comparator

How to use inbuilt analog comparator of AVR microcontroller using atmega

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Analog comparator is a device which compares two input voltages and generates output accordingly. The article on IR sensor explains the use of comparator in sensor designing. Comparators form an integral part of circuit designing in majority of the applications.  AVR microcontrollers have in-built analog comparator. Using the in-built analog comparator of AVR, the controller can

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internal ADC

How to use internal ADC of AVR microcontroller using interrupts using atmega

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singThis article is in continuation to AVR interrupts. There are two types of interrupts external and internal in AVR microcontroller. The aforesaid article covers external interrupts. AVR microcontrollers have seventeen internal interrupts. These internal interrupts are generated by the internal peripherals of Microcontroller like Timer, ADC etc. The internal interrupts are used for efficient operation of the internal peripherals.

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RFID interfacing using interrupts

RFID interfacing with AVR microcontroller (ATmega16) using interrupts

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This article covers how to extract and display the twelve byte unique tag ID received by RFID module on LCD using interrupt method. Before proceeding to this article readers must have knowledge of serial interrupt and LCD. In the previous article of RFID, polling method was used where the microcontroller was continuously monitoring the RXC flag. Keeping the microcontroller busy in monitoring the

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interface RFID

How to interface RFID with AVR microcontroller (ATmega16)

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Knowingly or unknowingly the RFID technology is used by us in our day to day life. The most familiar example is seen in MNCs, schools and offices for daily attendance or automatic door opening system. The RFID contains two parts, namely, tag and receiver modem. When an RFID tag comes in the range of receiver, the tag gets

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Serial communication

Serial communication with AVR microcontroller using interrupts using atmega

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In our previous articles on serial data transmission using AVR microcontroller we have demonstrated serial communication using the polling method. In Polling, the microcontroller waits for the RXC flag (in the case of serial receiver) to go high and then moves to the next instruction. This is not a good programming technique to keep the microcontroller busy to monitor

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USART RS232 protocol.

How to interface AVR microcontroller with PC using USART (RS232 protocol) using Atmega

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This article covers data transmission using 8 bit USART. The readers should have a basic understanding of serial communication and how to receive the serial data output. More  details on these topics  are available on Serial communication using AVR Microcontroller USART. The registers of USART system are already explained in previous article. Before transmitting the data,

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Serial communication Data receive-

Serial communication (Data receive) using AVR Microcontroller (ATmega16) USART

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Communication between two entities is important for the information flow to take place. In general the information transport system can be parallel in which the complete byte of data is sent at a time, with each bit having a separate dedicated line or it can be serial where only one communication line is available which

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inbuilt ADC

How to use inbuilt ADC of AVR microcontroller (ATmega16)

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Microcontroller understands only digital language. However, the inputs available from the environment to the microcontroller are mostly analog in nature, i.e., they vary continuously with time. In order to understand the inputs by the digital processor, a device called Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is used. As the name suggests this peripheral gathers the analog information

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